Natural Regeneration :
- It is propagated by seed.
- Light, seed, frost, soil, and fire are the influencing factors of natural regeneration.
Artificial Regeneration :
- Propagated by seeds and vegetative cuttings (Stump)
- Stump is preferable for commercial cultivation
Seed collection and Storage :
- Generally teak starts flowering 6 years after planting, but profuse flowering occurs after 15 years.
- Flowering occurs from June to September and fruits can be collected from November to January.
- The fruits are yellowish and brownish in color and the number of fruits varies from 1150 to 2800 per kg.
- A 40 year old tree produces an average of about 3 kg fruits.
- Teak fruit contains 4 seeds, but mostly filled with 1 or 2 seeds only.
- After collection, the fruits are cleaned and then sun dried for 2-3 days and stored in gunny bags.
- Teak seeds can be stored for up to two years around 12% moisture content in airtight containers.
- Seed Rate is 1500-2000 seeds/ kg.
Seed Treatment :
Seed Treatment
- Germination of teak is often poor due to dormancy.
- Immersion in cold water for 10 days with change of water.
- Alternate soaking and shade drying in cow dung solution for 10 days.
- The germination percentage varies from 30 to 50 % in moist teak and 5 to 10 % in dry teak.
Nursery Technique :
- The seeds were sown in the raised nursery beds (10 x 1 x 0.3 m) prepared with soil and sand mixture.
- The nursery beds have to be watered regularly and covered with coconut leaf or paddy straw.
- Germination starts 10 to 15 days after sowing and continues up to 35 to 45 days.
- The paddy straw may be removed once the seed started germination.
- The seedlings can be transplanted to polythene bags or it can be maintained in the nursery beds for 6 months for preparation of stumps.
Plantation technique :
- The land should be ploughed thoroughly and prepare pits ( 45 cm3) in 2 x 2 m or 3 x 3 m or 3 x 4 m spacing before rainy season.
- Farm yard manure with soil mixture has to be prepared and filled in the pits.
- Seedlings are planted in the pits during rainy season.
- For stump planting crowbar can be used.
- Teak can also be planted in bunds in south and north direction in such way the agricultural crops get sufficient light.
Care & Disease Control :
- In the initial stage the plants have to be watered weekly and regular weeding and pruning have to be done.
- Drip irrigation is beneficial in farm lands.
- Irrigation reduces the rotation period and also enhances the productivity.
- Application fertilizers based on the growth status
- Teak defoliator, Hyblaea puera and leaf skeletonizer, Eutectona machaeralis are considered as major pests in teak.
- These insects are known to occur on seedlings and also in grown up plantations.
- If the pest attack is severe it can be controlled by spraying of the foliage with the chemicals Neem based formulations (Neem azal 1%) at 10-12 days intervals can give good control.
- A virus (NPV) based formulation (biocide) is also available for management of the defoliator H. puera.
Irrigation :
- Watered weekly.
- Drip irrigation.
Recommended Harvest :
Yield :
- Approximately 10 to 15 Cft /tree*
*Subject to varry according to site factors.
Agro Forestory :
- The common intercrops are paddy, chillies, maize, wheat, sesame and various vegetables.
- Crops such as sugarcane, wet rice, plantain, jute, cotton, or creeping vegetables such as pumpkin and cucumber are not allowed.
Major uses :
- Teak is known for color, texture and grains preferred for high class furniture and aesthetic needs.
- It is also used for structural needs like ship and boat building and construction.
- Teak wood markets and depots are available in all teak growing states in India.
Market details :
- Approximately Rs. 2000 - 2500/sft *
*Subject to change according to market demands
