General Information :

• A deciduous tree, with spreading branches.
• Bark rough dark grey in color.
• Flowers are fragrant yellow in color.
• Pods flat, one seeded with seeds reddish brown in color.

Distribution :

• It is found scattered in all parts of India.

Habitat : Deciduous forest

Soil : Grows in wide range of soils.

Altitude :750-1400 m (MSL)

Rainfall :1000-1500mm மீ

Temperature : 25°C to 35°C

Terrain : Plains/hilly

Tree Characteristics :

• The tree is moderate light demander, sensitive to frost and drought hardy.
• It coppices well and fire hardy.

Habit : Dry Deciduous Tree

Natural Regeneration :

• Pods are dispersed by strong winds in hot weather.
• Plenty of regeneration appears with the onset of monsoon.

Artificial Regeneration :

• Propagated by Nursery raised seedlings.

Seed collection and Storage :

• The Good seed years are produced at intervals of 2-3 years.
• The ripe pods are collected in February-May
• The pods approximately 1600/kg.
• Seeds extracted from the pods and can be stored up to 9-12 months.
• The germination capacity and plant percent is 80 and 60 respectively.

Seed Treatment :

• Soaking pods in cow dung slurry for 48 hours.
• Treated seeds are dibbled in line 20 cm apart in mother bed during February – March.
• Germination takes place within 8 weeks.
• Watering and weeding is done regularly.
• Two leaf seedlings are pricked out and transplanted into polybags.
• One year old nursery raised seedlings are fit for planting.

Nursery Technique :

Nursery Raised Seedlings :

• One year old seedling about 23 cm tall is planted during the onset of monsoon.
• Pit size of 30 cm3 is adopted and spacing 3 m x 3 m.

Plantation technique :

Nursery Raised Seedlings : ·         One year old seedling about 23 cm tall is planted during the onset of monsoon.  ·      Pit size of 30 cm3 is adopted and spacing 3 m x 3 m.

Care & Disease Control :

• Weeding and soil working should be carried out at regular intervals as seedlings benefits from side protection of weeds.

Recommended Harvest :

• 20- 25 years

Yield :

• .Approximately 200-250 tons/ ha*

*Subject to varry according to site factors.  

Major uses :

• It is most valued timber for constructional and furniture purpose after teak and Rose wood.
• It is used for door and window frames, posts, pillars, and agricultural implements.
• The bark gives an astringent, blood red colored gum known as Kino gum which has medicinal properties.
• It is also used in dyeing, tanning and printing. 

 

• The gum resin is the only herbal product ever found to regenerate beta cells that make insulin in the pancreas.
• Mixed with other woods it can be used in the manufacture of pulp for wrapping paper.
• It is used as a fuel.

Market details :

Timber : Rs.4500/sft.